A U.S. study uncovers striking differences in the eating and fitness habits of beer and wine drinkers.
A U.S. study suggests that beer drinkers tend to lead less healthy lifestyles compared to consumers of wine, spirits, or a combination of alcoholic beverages. Surveying 1,900 adults about their drinking and eating habits, researchers found that beer drinkers smoke more, exercise less, and consume more calories. They also scored lowest on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)—a measure of overall diet quality—earning just 49 out of 100 points. By comparison, wine drinkers scored 55, while those who drink spirits—or a combination of alcoholic beverages—scored about 53.
The study, led by Dr. Madeline Novack at the Tulane School of Medicine in New Orleans, also highlighted demographic patterns among beer drinkers: They are more often male, younger, and from lower-income households. These factors may help explain some of the differences in diets and lifestyles.
In terms of eating habits, beer drinkers gravitate toward higher-calorie, low-fiber foods and frequently consume carbohydrate-heavy items and processed meats. Wine drinkers, in contrast, tend to favor more balanced meals, with higher intakes of vegetables, dairy, and lean meats.
The study also highlights the link between beer consumption and certain dietary patterns. In the U.S., beer is often paired with meals high in carbohydrates, processed meats, and saturated fats. This association may help explain why beer drinkers tend to adopt less healthy eating habits. In addition, beer is frequently consumed alongside salty or fried foods, which can further drive consumption in a self-reinforcing cycle.
Dr. Madeline Novack also pointed to the broader health risks of excessive alcohol use, particularly liver diseases such as cirrhosis. This condition is a leading cause of chronic liver failure both in the U.S. and worldwide and often develops in conjunction with poor diet and heavy drinking. Beer drinkers, given their dietary patterns and higher rates of smoking, may be at increased risk.
While the study has some limitations—most notably its reliance on self-reported eating and drinking habits—the findings suggest a strong connection between beer consumption and less healthy behaviors. The results underscore the importance of maintaining a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle, when enjoying beer or other alcoholic beverages in moderation.
