Gaglioppo is one of the oldest grape varieties in Italy; it was first mentioned in a document in 1240 on the occasion of an order from Frederick II for 100 barrels of Gaglioppo from Naples. Its creation and origin have not yet been finally clarified. Originally it was believed that it was imported from Greece, but Gaglioppo is not genetically related to a single Greek grape variety. The variety probably arose from a natural cross between Sangiovese and Mantonico Bianco, which would lead to close relationships with varieties such as Nerello Mascalese, Ciliegiolo and Calabrese di Montenuovo. The Gaglioppo produces good and consistent yields, but is susceptible to powdery mildew and downy mildew. The medium to late maturing variety is resistant to winter frosts as well as drought and excessive heat in summer. The main focus of Gaglioppo cultivation is in Calabria, but it is also found in the Marche, Abruzzo, Campania and Sicily. The Cirò DOC origin is so far the only controlled origin exclusively for Gaglioppo, even if it can be blended with international grape varieties to a small extent. Otherwise, it is developed as a pure variety as well as cuveted with other varieties. Since it reaches a high sugar level as it matures, the wines are quite rich. There are no vineyards of this variety outside of Italy.
This grape variety is also known by the name of:
Aglianico di Cassano, Arvino, Gaglioppa, Gaglioppa nera, Gaioppo, Magliocco Tondo, Maghioccu nero, Magliocolo nero, Magliocco dolce, Lancianese, Galaffa, Gaglioppo di Cirò, Gaglioppo Paesano, Gagliuoppo, Gaglioppo nero, Gallaffa, Galloffa, Galloppo, Galloppolo, Lacrima di Cosenza, Lacrima Nero, Galoffa, Mantonico Nero, Magliocco, Magliocco antico, Magliocco ovale, Maioppa, Montonico Nero, Uva Navarra
